A target group is a logical grouping of targets, such as EC2 instances, IP addresses, or Lambda functions, that a load balancer routes requests to, and it defines health check settings and routing rules [citation:1].
A target group is a logical grouping of one or more targets (such as EC2 instances, IP addresses, or Lambda functions) that a load balancer routes requests to. It is the fundamental unit for routing and health checks. When you configure a listener rule on a load balancer, you specify a target group as the destination. The target group also defines the health check settings that the load balancer uses to determine the health of its registered targets [citation:1].